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Alejandro
Lerroux (1864-1949), Spanish politician, the government's
president (1933; 1934-1935), one of the fundamental
figures of the II Republic.
FIRST POLITICAL ACTIVITIES
Born March 4 1864 in The Ravine (Córdoba), he/she
tried to follow the military career for paternal influence
but he/she decanted for the exercise of the journalism.
He/she began in the political activity as follower of
Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla. The Country worked as editor of
the republican newspaper until in 1897 it founded its
first newspaper, The Progress, to which followed The
Uncompromising one and The Radical, from which it used
an antimonarchical demagogic style. In 1898 he/she moved
to Barcelona, where it became popular in the labor means
for their seemingly revolutionary and anticlerical eloquence.
It was chosen deputed by first time in 1901, representation
that renovated in 1903 and in 1905, already as member
of Republican Union, the party headed by Nicolás
Salmerón.
In 1908 creó the Radical Party and soon after
he escaped to Argentina after being condemned to prison
due to the content of a journalistic article that he/she
had written. He/she returned to Spain when they took
place the events of July of 1909 in Barcelona (Tragic
Week), for what left to London. Again in their country
few months later, it integrated to their party in the
Conjunction republican-socialist, what allowed him to
be chosen deputy again in 1910, one year before it turns
forced to abandon the coalition, accused of favoring
the economic corruptelas in the City council of Barcelona.
Although he participated in the political agitation
of 1917 that supposed the beginning of the definitive
crisis of the Restoration and of XIII Alfonso's own
reign, he/she went away more and more of the labor recoveries
and it accentuated their intransigence in the face of
the Catalan nationalism. In 1929, during the dictatorship
of Rivera's general Miguel Cousin, the Radical Party
suffered the important division of the group led by
Marcelino Domingo.
GOVERNMENT EXPERIENCE
One year later intervened in San Sebastian's Pact, the
agreement that instituted the revolutionary committee
that facilitated the setting-up in April of 1931 of
the II Republic. As integral of this committee, it was
the first two provisional governments' of the new régime
part (presided over respectively by Niceto Alcalá
Zamora and for Manuel Azaña), in quality of minister
of State (April-December of 1931).
Distanced of the socialists and of the own Azaña,
it substituted this before even September of 1933, 12
of the elections of November of that year that supposed
a significant overturn in the composition of the Cortes.
Concluded his first government in October of 1933, presided
over a cabinet between December of that year and April
of 1934 again. A conservative politics contrary to the
reformations azañistas impelled, made worse with
the appointment in its third and last government (October
of 1934-September of 1935) of several minister of the
Spanish Confederation of Right Autonomous (it GIVES),
the formation that supported its government exercise
from its majority in the Cortes. In that cabinet it
was minister of the Guerra also (November of 1934-April
of 1935) and it carried out a Ministry again (that of
State), shortly and for last time, in the government
presided over by Joaquín Chapaprieta, between
September and October of 1935. Discredited by the scandal
of the estraperlo (fraudulent concessions of some roulettes
trucadas to several casinos, in those that implied next
people appeared to Lerroux from September of 1935) that
forced him to leave the government, their party he/she
collapsed in the elections of February of 1936, that
supposed the victory of the Popular Front.
When exploding in July of that year the Guerra Civilian
you exilió in Portugal, from where it supported
the military rebels. It died in Madrid June of 1949,
27 two years after returning to their country. Of among
their autobiographical writings they highlight The small
history (published in 1945, in Buenos Aires) and My
memoirs, appeared in 1963 in a posthumous way.
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