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José
Canalejas and Méndez (1854-1912), Spanish politician,
the government's president (1910-1912), he tried to
put an end to the caciquism and, from the lines of the
Liberal Party, it participated of the ideario of the
regeneracionismo.
LIBERAL MINISTER
Born in the city coruñesa of Ferrol July of 1854,
31 it was licensed in Philosophy and Letters by the
Central University from Madrid to the 19 years. In the
first years of XII Alfonso's reign it exercised the
teaching of the literature, up to 1882, year in which
passed to be devoted of full to the political activity,
in which had begun before two years when entering in
Manuel's Democratic Progressive Party Ruiz Zorrilla.
In August of 1881 it was chosen per time first deputy.
During the regency of XII Alfonso's widow, María
Cristina of Habsburgo-Lorena, came closer to the Liberal
Party led by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta and you/he/she
carried out minister position in two governments presided
over by this: in the first one it exercised the wallets
of Development (June-December of 1888) and of Grace
and Justice (December of 1888-January of 1890); in the
second it was minister of Treasury from December of
1894 until March of 1895. Two years later he/she began
to separate the address of the Liberal Party and to
formulate their own political program, qualified as
regeneracionista.
Nevertheless, between March and May of 1902, he/she
was minister again—of Agriculture, Industry, Trade
and Public Works—to the orders of Sagasta, in
the last government of María's regency Cristina
and first of XIII Alfonso's effective reign. President
of the Congress of the Deputies in 1906, after leading
one of the liberal dissidences it happened, one year
later, to exercise the headquarters of a party extremely
divided between their followers and those of Segismundo
Moret.
PRESIDENT OF THE GOVERNMENT
The events of the Tragic Week of 1909, that ended up
to cause the conservative Antonio's fall Maura, facilitated
the return from the Liberal Party to the government's
presidency. Canalejas substituted in her to Moret February
of 1910, 9 in a cabinet in the one which him same it
must exercise the Ministry of Grace and Justice shortly
between June of 1911 and March of 1912. During their
government headquarters, it outlined the religious question,
in the acquaintance popularly as ‘Law of the Padlock
' 1910, conflicting norm that defined in a rigorous
way the areas of influence of the Church and the State.
In the social order, it impelled measures of labor regulation
and, in 1911, it eliminated certain taxes, as well as
it decreed the obligatoriedad of the military service.
Also, in 1911, it must intervene in the denominated
war of Morocco, when, before the advance of the French
troops in that lacking territory of a clear colonial
delimitation, it ordered the occupation of Larache,
Arcila and Alcazarquivir, as well as the beginning of
the negotiation of the treaties that you/they would
give place later to the creation of the Protectorate
of Morocco. With regard to the problem outlined by the
Catalan nationalism, in July of 1912 it got that the
Congress of the Deputies approved its project of unions
(groupings of counties or municipalities), agreed in
collaboration with Enric Prat of the Riba. Soon after
of making in front of a strike of the rail workers,
November 12 1912 died in Madrid, murdered in full street
of a shot by the anarchist Manuel Pardiñas who
subsequently committed suicide.
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